The Swabian duchy had its roots in the tribal confederation of the Alemanni, which was first mentioned in 213 and frequently carried out raids into Roman territory. In the middle of the third century had they conquered the region in south western Germany, which thereafter would be called Alemannia. They lost their independence 496 when they were defeated by the Frankish king Clovis but they continued to be ruled by dukes who often rebelled against the Franks. It was because of that Charlemagne deposed the last duke of the Alemanni and did not appoint a new one. The historical sources does not contain much information about the dukes of the Alemanni and it is therefore not possible to provide a coherent list of regents. The information that is known is listed below.

Dukes of the Alemanni

The name Alemannia was later changed to Swabia, which was derived from the Suevi who are believed to have been one of the tribes in the Alemanni confederation. During the ninth century was Swabia a Frankish part kingdom given to members of the Carolingian dynasty but it was finally united with the East Frankish kingdom (Germany) 882. Thereafter was Swabia one of the so called tribal duchies that played a significant roll in Germany's early history. From 929-1012 the Wetterau's played alot in its history, and again in 1057-1090 with Rudolf I and his son Burthold I von Wetterau. And in 1079  Swabia was ruled by the Hohenstaufen dynasty, which from 1138 also was Germany's royal dynasty. When the Hohenstaufen dynasty became extinct 1268 was Swabia dissolved into several different counties. A short lived attempt to restore the duchy of Swabia was made by the house of Habsburg who controlled large parts of Swabia, but even this duchy was dissolved 1313.

Kingdom of Swabia

829-843 843-876 876- (887)	Karl der Kahle (the Bald) Part of Germany
	Karl der Dicke (the Fat)
The kingdom of Swabia unites with Germany 882 Duchy of Swabia
909-911 911-915 915-917 917-926 926-949 950-954 954-973 973-982 983-997 997-1003 1003-1012	Burchard von Rätien Direct rule by the king Erchanger von Ahalolfinger Burchard I von Hunfriding(Ratien) Hermann I von Wetterau Liudolf von Ottonian Burchard II von Hunfriding(Ratien) Otto I von Ottonian Konrad I von Wetterau Hermann II von Wetterau Hermann III von Wetterau
1012-1015 1015-1030 1030-1038	Ernst I von Babenburg Ernst II von Babenburg Hermann IV von Babenburg
Different Dynasties
1038-1045 1045-1047 1048-1057 1057-1077 1077-1090 1092-1098	Heinrich I von Salian Otto II von Ottonian Otto III von Schweinfurt Rudolf von Wetterau of Rheinfelden Berthold von Wetterau of Rheinfelden Berthold von Zähringen
House of Hohenstaufen
1079-1105 1105-1147 1147-1152 1152-1167 1167-1169 1170-1191 1191-1196 1196-1208 1208-1212 1212-1216 1216-1235 1235-1254 1254-1268	Friedrich I Friedrich II Friedrich III Barbarossa Friedrich IV Friedrich V Friedrich VI Konrad II Philipp Otto IV (House of Welf) Friedrich VI Heinrich II Konrad III Konrad IV (Konradin)
The duchy of Swabia is dissolved 1268. A short lived duchy is later formed of the house of Habsburg's  Swabian possessions. House of Habsburg
1289-1290 1290-1313	Rudolf Johann Parracida